When you have decided what you are going to write about, it can be a good idea to start with checking different encyclopaedias for a brief overview of your topic. There you can get tips on search terms, useful sources, and leading researchers within your chosen subject. A few examples of encyclopaedias are Nationalencyklopedin, Encyclopedia Britannica and Wikipedia.

When using Wikipedia it is important to keep in mind that anyone can add or edit the content, and therefore, the quality of the information can vary. However, Wikipedia can be a useful first step in your search process, and the references at the end of an article can come in handy as you move forward.

Our subject guides are also excellent platforms to turn to if you want to find subject specific resources.

Are you finding too much information, or perhaps not enough? You can improve your search results with a few simple steps:

• Try truncating your search terms. The easiest way of doing this, is to add an asterisk (*) after your search term, which expands your search to include all possible word-endings. For example, if you use the search term sustain* you will get search results that include sustainability, sustained and sustainable. You can also use the asterisk in the middle of a word: if you search for Johan*on you will get results that include Johansson and Johanson.
• Wildcards: By adding question marks into your search term you are masking one ore more letters (one question mark replaces precisely one letter). Entering wom?n, will give you results that include woman and women and entering Lind??ist will give you results including Lindquist, Lindqvist and Lindkvist.
• Use Boolean search operators: Depending on whether you want to expand or limit you search results, you can try adding AND, OR or NOT between your search terms.
  
  pedagogy AND history - You'll get results with both words, results with just one of them are eliminated.
  pedagogy OR education - You'll get resolts that include either one of the words or both of them.
  pedagogy NOT preschool - You'll only get results which include the first, but not the second word.

• Usually search services and database include a search box in which you can do a free text search. If you would like to filter your search results, you usually get the option to do an advanced search, where you can specify, for example, print year, author’s name, or to get only peer reviewed articles.
• Which search terms are relevant for you? Are there any synonyms that you can try? Are you using general or specific terms? Should the search terms be in English or in any other language? Do you need to further limit your search? Try doing a search on your subject in LIBRIS or LC Subject Headings (LSCH) or Svenska ämnesord to see which search terms are used. There are several subject specific thesauri in Databases A-Z which may be useful when you want to find out which terms tend to be used within your subject area.
• Read more about search techniques at LIBRIS.